极端气温和极端降水复合事件的气候特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖秀程  黄丹青  严佩文 《气象科学》2020,40(6):744-751

基于1961-2014年的中国台站资料,侧重探讨极端气温和极端降水复合事件的气候特征。结果表明,基于客观方法检测出四类极端复合事件：暖湿、暖干、冷湿和冷干。四类事件的频发区分别位于东北地区、华南地区、西藏及华南地区和长江以南及云贵高原一带。全国暖湿、暖干事件频数呈增加趋势,春夏季频发;冷湿事件频数在西藏东北一带呈增加趋势,而在长江流域呈减少趋势,夏秋冬季频发;冷干事件频数呈减少趋势,秋冬季频发。四类极端复合事件经验正交分解的时间序列主模态均表现为年代际信号。进一步分析四类复合事件与能源消费量的联系表明,极端湿事件与能源消费量呈正相关,而极端干事件则相反。  相似文献   

Study on extracting alumina from fly ash by compound additive activation method     

WANG Yongwang 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,17(3):182-188

According to the chemical and mineral composition characteristics of the fly ash, alumina can be extracted from fly ash through the calcining method by using sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate additives. The effects on leaching rate of alumina have been investigated. The results showed that the fly ash can be activated effectively and the leaching rate of alumina can be improved to more than 92% through this method. The best process parameters were the ratio of raw materials, i.e. the material weight ratio of fly ash, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate was 1.0：1.2：0.9. The activating temperature was 850℃-900℃, activating time was 3 h. This process has a potential application prospect and improves the value of comprehensive utilization of fly ash.  相似文献   

松辽盆地西部斜坡带油气运移示踪分析   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

向才富  夏斌  解习农  冯志强  吴河勇 《地质科技情报》2004,23(4):64-70

利用天然气有机地球化学、油田水化学、原油中的有机物质及原油含氮化合物等油气运移示踪标志对松辽盆地西部斜坡带的油气运移路径进行了示踪分析,结果显示油气运移的主输导通道沿齐家古龙凹陷—新店—白音诺勒方向展布,之后分为两支,其一继续向西部的平洋方向运移,其二穿过阿拉新向北部的富拉尔基方向运移,而油气从齐家古龙凹陷穿过敖古拉—他拉哈断层直接向西部斜坡带的运移是非常局限的。该主输导通道同该区已发现的油气资源的匹配较完美。重点讨论了原油含氮化合物分析结果与其它示踪标志分析结果的差异及其产生的可能原因,指出对油气运移路径的分析应综合利用多种有机地球化学指标,而不应该过分依赖某一种或某两种示踪方法。  相似文献   

沸石强化过滤的中试及生产性试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

丁磊  王萍 《矿物学报》2008,28(3)

对新型水处理材料沸石强化常规给水处理工艺进行了中试和生产性试验,并与石英砂滤料做了对比.中试结果表明粒径为0.80-1.20mm沸石对浊度、氨氮、有机物都表现出良好的去除效果,过滤时的水头损失、反冲洗强度明显小于石英砂,不仅能满足反冲洗要求,还可节省反冲洗水量,降低运行成本.在生产性试验条件下,沸石对浊度、氨氮、耗氧量的去除率分别为95%、83%和39%.因此,在当前水源水遭到污染的情况下,用沸石替代石英砂滤料可明显改善水质,在不增加处理构筑物的情况下,对给水处理工艺可起到强化作用  相似文献   

Petroleum Migration Direction of the Silurian Paleo-pools in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU Luofu  ZHAO Ye  HUO Hong  CHEN Lixin  CHEN Yuanzhuang  ZHAO Suping  LI Chao  LI Shuangwen  GUO Yongqiang  LI Yan 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(1):174-183

The results obtained in this paper indicate that carbazole-type compounds have high thermal stability and also show stability in oxidation and bio-degradation. This kind of compounds still has a high concentration and complete distribution in the analyzed dry asphalt samples, showing that they are particularly useful in studying petroleum migration of paleo-pool. During the basin＇s first-stage of oil-gas pool formation in the Silurian in Tazhong and Tabei areas of Tarim Basin （at the end of Silurian period） and the second-stage in the Awati area （in Permian）, the petroleum experienced a long-distance migration. During the formation of the Silurian paleo-pools in Tazhong Uplift at the end of Silurian, the petroleum mainly came from the lower and middle Cambrian source rocks in the Manjiaer sag. The petroleum migrated towards the southwest-south entering the Silurian reservoir beds in Tazhong first. Then, it further migrated within Silurian from northwest to southeast along the highs of the Structural Belts to the region of the Silurian pinchout boundary in Tazhong. In Tabei Uplift, during the first-stage of pool formation, the petroleum was also from the lower and middle Cambrian source rocks in the Manjiaer sag. It migrated northwest entering the Silurian reservoir beds in the Tabei Uplift firstly, and then the migration continued in the same direction within the Silurian reservoirs and finally the petroleum was trapped in higher positions. During the second-stage pool formation in the Silurian beds in the areas around Awati sag, the petroleum mainly came from the lower-middle Cambrian source rocks in the Awati sag. The petroleum migrated from the generation center to Silurian reservoirs in all directions around the sag through major paths, and the petroleum was finally trapped in higher locations.  相似文献   

高研磨性地层复合式钻头的研制与应用          下载免费PDF全文

贾志刚 《探矿工程》2016,43(2):9-11

金山气田、龙凤山构造、长岭断陷等登娄库组以下深部地层可钻性差,研磨性强,导致钻头磨损严重,使用效率低。在对牙轮钻头、PDC钻头及孕镶金刚石钻头在高研磨性地层中的适应性进行细致和全面分析的基础上,提出了把PDC钻头机械钻速高和孕镶金刚石钻头进尺多的技术优势相结合的研制思路,开展PDC+孕镶复合式钻头设计。现场应用取得了良好的试验效果。提出了合理化的建议。  相似文献   

Untold muddy tales: Paleoenvironmental dynamics of a “barren” mudrock succession from a shallow Permian epeiric sea     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2016

During the late Paleozoic, the intracratonic Paraná Basin, Brazil, in central Gondwanaland, was covered by a huge (>1.600.000 km²), shallow and isolated epeiric sea. Within the Permian succession, oxygen-deficient facies are commonly recorded in the Mesosaurus-bearing Irati Formation (Cisuralian, Artinskian/Kungurian) and the overlaying Serra Alta Formation (Guadalupian, Wordian/Capitanian). Barren, dark-grey mudstones are the main facies preserved in this last unit, which has usually discouraged extensive and detailed stratigraphical and paleontological investigations. However, exhaustive sedimentological, taphonomic and paleontological surveys in those deposits reveal a dynamic and complex depositonal history. Based on sedimentary fabric, autochthonous to parautochthonous occurrences of shelly benthic invertebrates (bivalves) and the presence/absence of concretion-bearing and phosphate-rich layers, we report variations in the oxygen levels of bottom and pore waters, in bathymetry, sedimentation rates, and changes in benthic colonization. Our data indicate that the deposition of this “apparently barren” mudstone-dominated succession was driven by a complex interplay of variations in sedimentation rate and oxygen pulses tied to tectonic and climate changes. Three distinct populations or invertebrate paleocommunities were recorded, which were adapted to (a) normal background low-oxygen (dysoxic) conditions (i.e., minute infaunal suspension-feeding bivalves associated with the trace fossil Planolites), (b) chemically toxic (anoxic/extreme dysoxic) substrates, including gigantic burrowing bivalves (probable chemosymbiotic taxa), and (c) oxic/dysoxic substrates following short-term bottom disruptions.  相似文献   

中国叠生型铁矿床成矿特征探讨   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

沈保丰  张阔 《矿床地质》2016,35(2):213-224

叠生成矿作用主要是指早期成矿作用被晚期成矿作用叠加、复合和改造。晚期成矿作用的性质常与早期成矿作用不同,也就是说,在早先己有矿床(或矿体、矿源层)的基础上,叠加复合了晚期成矿作用,即成矿时间上有先后、空间产出上有重叠、并对早先形成的矿床进行复杂的复合、叠加和改造,使成矿作用具有多样性、复杂性,并可形成大矿、富矿。铁矿床中叠生成矿作用广泛发育。按矿床或矿体产出和形成的地质特征,中国叠生型铁矿床可分为风化淋滤型、热液叠加改造型和热液叠加复合型3个亚类。风化淋滤型铁矿床在中国分布有限,规模不大,工业利用价值不大,因而中国的叠生型铁矿床主要是指热液叠加改造型和热液叠加复合型两个亚类。热液叠加改造型主要是指早期的铁矿床(或矿体、矿源层)经后期热液叠加改造,使早期的较贫铁矿床(或矿体、矿源层)成为较富铁矿床(或矿体),这是中国BIF型铁矿床中最重要的富铁矿类型,以鞍本地区弓长岭二矿区为典型代表。弓长岭二矿区铁矿,早期在新太古代形成条带状磁铁石英岩(2528 Ma,贫矿石),后期在古元古代,含矿热液交代改造贫铁矿形成富铁矿(1840 Ma)。热液叠加复合型主要是指后期脉型铁(或稀土元素等)矿床叠加在早期(沉积或其他成因)铁等矿床上而形成的矿床,如白云鄂博铁-铌-稀土元素矿床和黔西菱铁矿矿床。白云鄂博铁-铌-稀土元素矿床的形成与火成碳酸岩有关,在中元古代(1.3 Ga)左右,区内火成碳酸岩的侵位,在早期主要形成以岩浆熔离作用为主的铁-铌-稀土元素矿,晚期叠加了加里东期稀土-铌矿化热液脉。古陆边缘构造带或陆内活化带是形成叠生型铁矿床的有利构造空间,较大的地球化学块体,为形成多期、多成因的矿床提供物质来源,叠生型铁矿床的形成明显受构造的控制。叠生成矿是复杂地质过程的一种具体表现。热液叠加改造型和热液叠加复合型的叠生型铁矿床的形成是因中国独特的大地构造环境决定的。叠生成矿作用的研究,尚处在初步阶段。加强对叠生成矿作用的研究,了解其形成的地质背景、成矿机制、作用过程、控矿因素等,对发展矿床学研究,认识区域成矿特征和指导地质找矿具有重要的理论和实际意义。  相似文献   

用素土桩挤密法处理陇东湿陷性黄土地基     

缪祥生  俞宗卫  于丽羽 《地球科学与环境学报》1994,(2)

素土桩挤密地基由桩间挤密土和回填素土夯实的桩体组成，它是一种人工“复合地基”。其作用是通过素土桩挤密法提高地基土的密实度，从而对湿陷性黄土达到消除浅部或深部的部分或全部湿陷性的作用，并改善地基承载能力，减少地基变形。本文通过现场单桩、群桩单元体轻便触探、小环刀深层取样、开剖取样等方法对场地地基土挤密前、后干重度和压实系数进行了对比分析，判定用素土桩挤密法处理陇东湿陷性黄土地基的可行性。  相似文献   

Competition between benthic and pelagic microalgae for phosphorus and light – long-term experiments using artificial substrates     

Annika Pasternak  Helmut Hillebrand  Sabine Flöder 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2009,71(2):238-249

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